નિષિદ્ધ સંભોગ No Incest

નિષિદ્ધ સંભોગ

લગભગ દરેક ધર્મ હોય દેશ હોય કે જાતિ-પ્રજાતિ કે સમાજ હોય એમાં એક સામાન્ય નિયમ છે કે “Don’t have sex with first degree relatives.” ફર્સ્ટ ડિગ્રી રિલેટીવ એટલે ૫૦ ટકા જિન્સ સરખાં હોય એવા વ્યક્તિઓ. આમાં માબાપ, સંતાનો, ભાઈબહેનો આવી જાય. મુસ્લિમોમાં પણ એક પેટે અવતરેલા ભાઈ બહેનો વચ્ચે સેક્સ નિષિદ્ધ છે. નોન-હ્યુમન એટલે પ્રાણીઓ પણ આવા અગમ્યગમન રોકવાની યોજના ઇવોલ્વ કરી ચૂક્યા હોય છે તેની સાબિતી વૈજ્ઞાનિકોને મળી ચૂકી છે. અરે વનસ્પતિ પણ anti-incest મીકેનીઝમ ધરાવતી હોય છે.

માનવજાત સામાજિક અને મનોવૈજ્ઞાનિક સ્તરે આવા સંભોગ પ્રત્યે વિરોધનું મીકેનીઝમ ધરાવે છે( Miami psychologists Debra Lieberman and Adam Smith). થોડા અપવાદો બાદ કરતા ભાઈ બહેનો અને માતાપિતાના એમના સંતાનો સાથેના લગ્નો માનવ સંસ્કૃતિમાં હંમેશા નિંદાને પાત્ર રહ્યા છે. ક્યારેક પિતા અને દીકરીના અને ભાઈ બહેન વચ્ચેના સેક્સ સંબંધની વાત સાંભળી મોટાભાગના લોકો અપસેટ થઈ જતા હોય છે. Jonathan Haidt નામના મનોવૈજ્ઞાનિકે એક અભ્યાસ કરેલો. એક સ્ટોરી બનાવેલી કે એક ભાઈબહેન ગર્ભધારણ રોકી શકાય તેવા તમામ ઉપાયો કરીને સેક્સ કરે છે તો તમારું શું માનવું છે? ભલેને પ્રેગનન્સી રોકી શકાય તેવા ઉપાય કરેલા હોય પણ સર્વેમાં ભાગ લેનારા તમામે આવા સેક્સને ગેરવાજબી ગણાવેલો.

વંદા અને ચિમ્પાન્ઝી anti-incest મીકેનીઝમ ધરાવે છે તેનો અભ્યાસ થઈ ચૂક્યો છે. શા માટે incest એવોઈડ કરવાનું મીકેનીઝમ કુદરત અને માનવમાં વિકસ્યું હશે? ઉત્તર સાવ સહેલો છે, કે નજીકના લોહીના સગા સાથે સમાગમ વડે જન્મ પામતા બાળકો સીરીયસ ખામીઓ લઈને પેદા થતા હોય છે. ચેકોસ્લોવાકિયામાં એક અભ્યાસ કરવામાં આવેલો. આમાં એવા બાળકો સામેલ કરાયેલા જેમના પિતા એમના ફર્સ્ટ ડિગ્રી રિલેટીવ હતા. બધા માબાપ ખૂબ હેલ્ધી હતા. ૪૨ ટકા બાળકો જન્મથી કોઈ ને કોઈ સીરીયસ ખામી લઈને પેદા થયા હતા. એમના ઘણા વહેલા મૃત્યુ પામેલા અને ૧૧ ટકા બાળકો માનસિક ક્ષતિગ્રસ્ત હતા. આવા ચાર અભ્યાસ થયેલા એમાં સરેરાશ ૪૦ ટકા બાળકો autosomal recessive disorders, congenital physical malformations, or severe intellectual deficits ધરાવતા હતા. અને ૧૪ ટકા બાળકો mild mental disabilities ધરાવતા હતા. સગા ભાઈ બહેન દ્વારા અને પિતા અને દીકરી દ્વારા પેદા થયેલા બાળકોમાં ૫૦ ટકા માનસિક ક્ષતિગ્રસ્ત હતા અને વહેલા મૃત્યુ પામેલા હતા.

ટૂંકમાં ફર્સ્ટ ડિગ્રી રિલેટીવ વચ્ચે સંભોગ એટલાં માટે દરેક સંસ્કૃતિમાં અક્ષમ્ય ગણવામાં આવેલો છે.

9 thoughts on “નિષિદ્ધ સંભોગ No Incest”

  1. એટલે જ મોટભાગના ધર્મોમાં જ સગોત્ર અથવા નજીકના સંબધીઓ માં લગ્ન નિષેધ છે,જે વિજ્ઞાન આજે કહે છે,તે હજારો વર્ષ પહેલા આપણા રુષીમૂનીઓ એ આને ધર્મ (કેમકે ત્યારે વિજ્ઞાન વિકસ્યુ નહોતુ) સાથે સાંકળીને સમાજને આવા સંબધો થી દૂર રાખ્યા હતા.

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  2. Even if it is scietifically/medically/psychologically proved the incest is not advisable, society or state should still allow those who want to involve in it ‘by choice and mutual freewill’. As cutailing such personal liberties in the name of morals or physical/emotional health amounts to violation of natural human rights. On the contrary, let modern science take it as a challege to help such couples and their offsping born out of such taboo unions.

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  3. …… ક્યારેક પિતા અને દીકરીના અને ભાઈ બહેન વચ્ચેના સેક્સ સંબંધની વાત સાંભળી મોટાભાગના લોકો અપસેટ થઈ જતા હોય છે….

    એટલે કે લોકો અપસેટ થતા હોય છે અને જીવનમાં આવાર નવાર માણસ અપસેટ તો થતો જ હોય છે અને સમય કે જીંદગી… વીતી જાય છે

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  4. Though one should not indulge in incest but what archive of indian record says- caution -This is not any malaise about religion and hope those mentioned example should be taken for academic purpose and be verified from other source as well

    Incest, the practice of marrying one’s sister was very much prevailed in ancient India.

    Incest was common among several tribes of pre-Aryan India and is still found in various parts of the country. Thus, the marriage customs of the panchama baiga of central India permit the union of grandparents and grandchild, while the Ernadan male of Malabar takes his eldest daughter as his second wife.

    The Hindu levirate system, known as Noyoga, was a sort of incest, practiced for the sake of raising offsprings, though it appears to have been extended beyond legitimate bounds. As examples of incestuous marriages in Hindu mythology may be cited the union of Yama and Yami; Manu son of Vivasvat and his sister Sraddha; Prajapati and his daughter Ushas; Pushan and his sister Surya; Sukra and his THREE sisters; Suka and Pivari; Satrajita and his TEN sisters; Nahusha and his sister Viraja. Purukutsa’s queen Narmada after her husbands death, obtained a son through her own brother. Draupada may have married his own sister to obtain Dhrishtadymuna and Draupadi. Kaisalya wife of Dasaratha was probably also his sister; and more than one authority has suggested that Rama and Sita were actually brother and sister.

    Dr Sarkar thinks that the Rig-Veda furnishes rishi sanction (method) for the incestuous ties between a man and his sister, or even mother. The vedic rite called GOSAVA involved union with ones own mother, sister or female relative through which one secured entry into heaven. The Jaiminiya Brahmana relates that king Janaka of Videha, when he understood its (i.e. rituals) nature, refused to undertake the rite, but a Sibi king did perform it, acting out all the requirements.

    Certain episodes in the Epics point to an established dynastic custom among the Pandavas and Kauravas of sons succeeding to the seraglios of their father on his death, and it was apparently in keeping with ancient usage for princes to consort with all the father’s wides except their own mothers. Upadhya after citing several instances of incestuous practices among the ancient Indian people justly concludes, `In face of these numerous data, it futile to hold that incest is un-Vedic’. Whatever reasons the early Aryans had for despising the natives, they could not despise them on the score of their incestuousness.
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    Other record———–
    In our Puranas such Arsha systems have been reflected. In Mahabharata, in the 66th adhyaya of Adiparva, it has been said that Daksha Prajapati had children from his own sister. In other words at that time there was no family system. In the second Adhyaya of Harivansha daughter of Vashishta Prajapati after attaining maturity marries him.
    If a daughter begets a child while staying in father’s house, she was called ‘kanin’. These are the stories of prior to the advent of patriarch system.
    One more example of the Mahabharata is that in 40 to 46 Adhyaya of Karnaparva Karna tells Shalya that in Madradesha father, son, mother, mother-in-law, father-in-law, maternal uncle, aunty, son-in-law, sister, brother, grandson, friends, guests, servants, maids etc. all indulge in sexual activities. In this country women with their consent could have sexual intercourse with men they like. For that they need no introduction also.
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  5. Roman catholic record as follows——-
    It is generally accepted that sibling marriages were widespread among all classes in Egypt during the Graeco-Roman period. Numerous papyri and the Roman census declarations attest to many husbands and wives being brother and sister. The most well known of these relationships were in the royal family, the Ptolemies; The famous Cleopatra VII was married to her younger brother, Ptolemy XIII. Her mother and father, Cleopatra V and Ptolemy XII, had also been brother and sister.
    In Ancient Greece, Spartan King Leonidas I, hero of the legendary Battle of Thermopylae, was married to his niece Gorgo, daughter of his half-brother Cleomenes I. Greek law allowed marriage between a brother and sister if they had different mothers. For example, some accounts say that Elpinice was for a time married to her half-brother Cimon.
    Therefore, for example, an Egyptian could marry an aunt, but a Roman could not. Despite the act of incest being unacceptable within the Roman Empire, Roman Emperor Caligula is rumored to have had sexual relationships with all three of his sisters (Julia Livilla, Drusilla, and Agrippina the Younger).[23] Emperor Claudius, after executing his previous wife, married his brother’s daughter Agrippina the Younger, and changed the law to allow an otherwise illegal union. The law prohibiting marrying a sister’s daughter remained. The taboo against incest in Ancient Rome is demonstrated by the fact that politicians would use charges of incest (often false charges) as insults and means of political disenfranchisement.
    In Norse mythology there are themes of brother-sister marriage, a prominent example being between Njörðr and his unnamed sister (perhaps Nerthus), parents of Freyja and Freyr. Loki in turn also accuses Freyja and Freyr of having a sexual relationship.

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  6. Why was it was permitted or what was reason was used–
    Consanguinity is how close in relations you are, and it was grounds for annullment in the Roman Catholic Church. From 1550 – 1917 marriages within the 4th degree, or beyond third cousins were prohibited, but as we’ve witnessed through several cases, these relationships easily recieved dispensations from the Pope. Payment to the church was required to recieve a dispensation. So essentially it was about the money. But it was also about avoiding strife. Some documented reasons from The Formulary of Dataria (Rome, 1901) for granting dispensation are:——

    “smallness of place or places; smallness of place coupled with the fact that outside it a sufficient dowry cannot be had; lack of dowry; insufficiency of dowry for the bride; a larger dowry; an increase of dowry by one-third; cessation of family feuds; preservation of peace; conclusion of peace between princes or states; avoidance of lawsuits over an inheritance, a dowry or some important business transaction; the fact that a fiancée is an orphan or has the care of a family; the age of the fiancée over twenty-four; the difficulty of finding another partner, owing to the fewness of male acquaintance, or the difficulty the latter experience in coming to her home; the hope of safeguarding the faith of a Catholic relation; the danger of a denominationally mixed marriage; the hope of converting a non-Catholic party; the keeping of property in a family; the preservation of an illustrious or honourable family; the excellence and merits of the parties; defamation to be avoided, or scandal prevented; intercourse already having taken place between the petitioners, or rape; the danger of a civil marriage; of marriage before a Protestant minister revalidation of a marriage that was null and void; finally, all reasonable causes judged such in the opinion of the pope (e. g. the public good), or special reasonable causes actuating the petitioners and made known to the pope, i. e. motives which, owing to the social status of the petitioners, it is opportune should remain unexplained out of respect for their reputation.”

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